The right of every child to a name and nationality, and the responsibility of national governments to achieve this are contained in Articles 7 and 8 in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: "The child shall be registered immediately after birth and shall have the right from birth to a name, the right to acquire a nationality." (CRC Article 7) and "States Parties undertake to respect the right of the child to preserve his or her identity, including nationality, name and family relations." (CRC Article 8). The certification is signed and/or sealed by the registrar or other custodian of birth records, who is commissioned by the government. That agency will issue certified copies or representations of the original birth record upon request, which can be used to apply for government benefits, such as passports. The actual record of birth is stored with a government agency. In all countries, it is the responsibility of the mother's physician, midwife, hospital administrator, or the parent(s) of the child to see that the birth is properly registered with the appropriate government agency. Most countries have statutes and laws that regulate the registration of births. The entire United States did not get a standardized system until 1902. The compulsory registration of births with the United Kingdom government is a practice that originated at least as far back as 1853. This practice continued into the 19th century. In England, births were initially registered with churches, who maintained registers of births. The original purpose of vital statistics was for tax purposes and for the determination of available military manpower. The documentation of births is a practice widely held throughout human civilization. History and contemporary times Marilyn Monroe's birth certificate from 1926
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